“Do you understand?” almost always produces a “yes” regardless of the truth, because it puts learners on the spot to admit confusion publicly. CCQs check understanding indirectly by asking learners to demonstrate comprehension rather than self-report it. For the word “reluctant”: instead of “Do you understand ‘reluctant’?”, ask “If I’m reluctant to do something, do I want to do it?” (No) and “Am I forced to do it, or is it my choice?” (My choice, but I don’t want to). The learner’s answers reveal real understanding. The same principle applies to instructions: instead of “Do you understand the task?”, ask “What are you going to do first?”